Heat therapy in acute injuries is generally not recommended because it may...

• A. Not recommended for acute injuries; promotes vasodilation and may increase swelling
• B. Reduces swelling quickly
• C. Should always be used first for acute injuries
• D. Has no effect on swelling

Answer: (D)

In the acute phase, the goal is to limit swelling and further tissue damage. Heat promotes vasodilation, which increases blood flow to the injured area. That extra flow can lead to more edema, more inflammation, and possibly more pain in the first days after injury. Because of this, heat is not recommended initially; cold therapy is preferred to constrict vessels, reduce swelling, and limit metabolic demand and tissue damage. Heat can be useful later on, during subacute or chronic stages, when swelling has subsided and the tissues benefit from increased blood flow to promote healing and reduce stiffness.